RANGERS top the table when it comes to the frequency of penalties handed out in the Scottish Premiership, according to a report from the CIES Football Observatory.

Since the 2017-18 season, the Ibrox club have on average obtained a spot kick every 411 minutes - a total of 23 from 105 matches.

Celtic were seventh in the list of the nine clubs who have competed in the top-flight throughout that period, earning a penalty every 681 minutes (14 from 106 games).

Motherwell are bottom (734 minutes - 13 from 106), while Hamilton are second (477 minutes - 20 from 106).

Aberdeen (530 minutes - 18 from 106) are the most lethal from 12 yards with a conversion rate of 88.9 per cent, while St Johnstone (591 minutes - 16 from 105) have the worst record, notching only half the spot kicks they are awarded.

Rangers scored 87 per cent of theirs, while Celtic netted 71.4 per cent.

When it comes to the league as a whole, the Scottish Premiership (every 302 minutes) is 21st out of 35 European leagues for the frequency of penalties whistled by referees.

At club level, Serbian outfit Crvena Zvezda lead the rankings with a penalty obtained every 209 minutes. At the other end, English Premier League side Burnley have been awarded the least at one every 2363 minutes - four from 105 games.

FULL TABLE:

Minutes   Club  Success (%)

411 Rangers 87

477 Hamilton 85

502 Kilmarnock 78.9

530 Aberdeen 88.9

561 Hibs 70.6

591 St Johnstone 50

681 Celtic  71.4

681 Hearts 64.3

734 Motherwell 76.9